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tcm3105dwl, TCM3105JE, tcm3105jl tcm3105ne, tcm3105nl fsk modem scts019c november 1985 revised may 1994 copyright ? 1994, texas instruments incorporated 1 post office box 655303 ? dallas, texas 75265 post office box 1443 ? houston, texas 772511443 ? single-chip frequency-shift-keying (fsk) modem ? meet both bell 202 and ccitt v23 specifications ? transmit modulation at 75, 150, 600, and 1200 baud ? receive demodulation at 5, 75, 150, 600, and 1200 baud ? half-duplex operation up to 1200 baud transmit and receive ? full-duplex operation up to 1200 baud transmit and 150 baud receive ? on-chip group equalization and transmit/receive filtering ? carrier-detect-level adjustment and carrier-fail output ? single 5-v power supply ? low power consumption ? reliable cmos silicon-gate technology description the tcm3105 is a single-chip asynchronous frequency-shift-keying (fsk) voice-band modem that uses silicon-gate cmos technology to implement a switched-capacitor architecture. it is pin selectable (txr1, txr2, and trs) for a wide range of transmit /receive baud rates and is compatible with the applicable bell 202 or ccitt v23 standards. operation is fully reversible, thereby allowing both forward and backward channels to be used simultaneously. the transmitter is a programmable frequency synthesizer that provides two output frequencies (on txa), representing the marks and spaces of the digital signal present on txd. the receive section is responsible for the demodulation of the analog signal appearing at the rxa input and is based on the principle of frequency-to-voltage conversion. this section contains a group delay equalizer (to correct phase distortion), automatic gain control, carrier-detect-level adjustment, and bias-distortion adjustment, thereby optimizing performance and giving the lowest possible bit error rate. carrier-detect information is given to the system by means of the carrier-detect circuits, which set a flag on the cdt output if the level of received in-band energy falls below a value set on the cdl input for a specified minimum duration. the TCM3105JE and tcm3105ne are characterized for operation from 40 c to 85 c.the tcm3105dwl, tcm3105jl, and tcm3105nl are characterized for operation from 0 c to 70 c. caution. these devices have limited built-in protection. the leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the mos gates. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 v dd clk cdt rxa trs nc rxb rxd osc2 osc1 txd txr1 txr2 txa cdl v cc j or n package (top view) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 v dd clk cdt nc rxa nc trs nc rxt nc rxb rxd osc2 osc1 txd nc txr1 nc nc txr2 txa nc cdl v ss dw package (top view) nc no internal connection d package are available taped and reeled. add the r suffix to device type (e.g., ycm3105dwlr). production data information is current as of publication date. products conform to specifications per the terms of texas instruments standard warranty. production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters.
tcm3105dwl, TCM3105JE, tcm3105jl tcm3105ne, tcm3105nl fsk modem scts019c november 1985 revised may 1994 2 post office box 655303 ? dallas, texas 75265 post office box 1443 ? houston, texas 772511443 terminal functions terminal description name no. description name dw j or n cdl 14 10 carrier-detect-level adjust for external adjustment of carrier-detect threshold cdt 3 3 carrier-detect output. a low-level output indicates carrier failure clk 2 2 output for a continuous clock signal at 16 times the highest selected (transmit or receive) bit rate nc 4, 6, 8, 10, 15, 18, 19, 21 6 no internal connection osc1, osc2 23, 24 15, 16 oscillator connections. the crystal (typically 4.4336 mhz) is connected to osc1 and osc2. if an external clock is used, osc2 is left open and the clock is connected to osc1. rxa 5 4 receive analog input to which the received line signal must be ac coupled rxb 11 7 receive bias adjust for external adjustment of the decision threshold of the comparator to minimize bias distortion rxd 12 8 receiver digital output for the demodulated received data in positive logic. the high logic level is a mark and the low logic level is a space. rxt 9 receive test access. output of limiter is available on rxt. (dw only) trs 7 5 transmit /receive standard select input, which with txr1 and txr2, sets the standard bit rates and mark/space frequencies txa 16 11 transmit analog output for the modulation signal, which must be ac coupled txd 22 14 transmit digital input for data to the transmitter in positive logic. the high logic level is a mark, and the low logic level is a space. the data can be accepted at any speed from zero to the selected speed and may be totally asynchronous. txr1 20 13 bit-rate select 1 input which along with txr2 and trs, sets the bit rates and mark/space frequencies txr2 17 12 bit rate select 2 input, which along with txr1 and trs, sets the bit rates and mark/space frequencies v dd 1 1 positive supply voltage v ss 13 9 most negative supply voltage (normally ground); connected to substrate
tcm3105dwl, TCM3105JE, tcm3105jl tcm3105ne, tcm3105nl fsk modem scts019c november 1985 revised may 1994 3 post office box 655303 ? dallas, texas 75265 post office box 1443 ? houston, texas 772511443 functional block diagram fsk modulator digital- to-analog converter xmt filter low-pass filter automatic gain control low-pass filter receive filter and group delay equalizer offset compensation comparator fsk demodulator comparator dw package only carrier detector carrier- detect delay timing and control 4.4336-mhz oscillator txa rxd rxt cdt clk txd rxb rxa cdl osc1 osc2 txe1 txe2 trs transmit digital input receive bias adjust receive analog input carrier-detect level adjust oscillator connection bit-rate select transmit/receive standard select transmit analog output receive digital output receive test access carrier- detect output clock timing diagram off/on threshold on/off threshold rxa input (amplitude of received signal) cdt output t d(off-on) t d(on-off) t t
tcm3105dwl, TCM3105JE, tcm3105jl tcm3105ne, tcm3105nl fsk modem scts019c november 1985 revised may 1994 4 post office box 655303 ? dallas, texas 75265 post office box 1443 ? houston, texas 772511443 absolute maximum ratings over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) supply voltage range, v dd (see note 1) 0.3 v to 10 v . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . input voltage range, v i (any input) 0.3 v to v dd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . operating free-air temperature range, t a : tcm3105dwl, tcm3105jl,tcm3105nl 10 c to 70 c . . . . . . TCM3105JE, tcm3105ne 55 c to 85 c . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . storage temperature range: 55 c to 150 c . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . lead temperature 1,6 mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10 seconds: dw or n package 260 c . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . lead temperature 1,6 mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10 seconds: j package 300 c . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . note 1: voltage values are with respect to v ss . recommended operating conditions TCM3105JE tcm3105ne tcm3105dwl tcm3105jl tcm3105nl unit min nom max min nom max supply voltage, v dd 4 5 5.5 4 5 5.5 v high-level input voltage, v ih 2 v dd 2 v dd v low-level input voltage, v il 0 0.8 0 0.8 v analog input level, peak to peak (ac coupled) 0.3 0.78 0.3 0.78 v clock frequency, f clock 4.4334 4.4336 4.4338 4.4334 4.4336 4.4338 mhz analog load impedance at txa 50 50 k w operating free-air temperature range, t a 40 85 0 70 c
tcm3105dwl, TCM3105JE, tcm3105jl tcm3105ne, tcm3105nl fsk modem scts019c november 1985 revised may 1994 5 post office box 655303 ? dallas, texas 75265 post office box 1443 ? houston, texas 772511443 electrical characteristics over recommended operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) parameter test conditions TCM3105JE tcm3105ne tcm3105dwl tcm3105jl tcm3105nl unit min typ 2 max min typ 2 max v oh high-level output voltage rxd, cdt, clk i oh = 100 m a 2.4 v dd 2.4 v dd v v ol low-level output voltage rxd, cdt, clk i ol = 1.6 ma v ss 0.4 v ss 0.4 v analog output voltage txa v dd = 4 v r50k w 1.55 1.55 v analog output voltage level, peak to peak txa v dd = 5 v r l = 50 k w , r l = 100 pf 1.4 1.9 2.3 1.4 1.9 2.3 v level , peak to peak v dd = 5.5 v r l = 100 pf 2.1 2.1 adjust voltage rxb v dd =5v 2.3 2.7 3.1 2.3 2.7 3.1 v adj us t vo lt age cdl v dd = 5 v 2.8 3.3 3.9 2.8 3.3 3.9 v analog output dc offset txa v dd /2 v dd /2 v digital input current txd, trs, trx1, trx2 v i = 0 to v dd 1 1 m a analog input current rxa 15 15 m a bias input current rxb, cdl v i = 3 v 150 150 m a i sl v dd = 4 v 3 6 3 5 a i dd supply current v dd = 5 v 5 10 5 8 ma dd pp y v dd = 5.5 v 8 16 8 12 c i input capacitance, all inputs f = 1 mhz 10 10 pf c o output capacitance, all inputs f = 1 mhz 10 10 pf phase jitter 200 200 m s bias distortion 3 15% 15% carrier-detect threshold, off/on 45.5 43 45.5 43 dbm carrier-detect threshold, on/off 48 45.5 48 45.5 dbm carrier-detect hysteresis 2.5 2.8 2.5 2.8 dbm switching characteristics over recommended operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) parameter test conditions TCM3105JE tcm3105ne tcm3105dwl tcm3105jl tcm3105nl unit min typ 2 max min typ 2 max t d(off on) carrier-detect off-to-on delay time rx = 600 or 1200 b/s 12 25 12 25 ms t d(off-on) c arr i er- d e t ec t o f f - t o-on d e l ay ti me rx = 5, 75, or 150 b/s 48 80 48 80 ms t d(on off) carrier detect on to off delay time rx = 600 or 1200 b/s 12 20 12 20 ms t d(on-off) carrier-detect on-to-off delay time rx = 5, 75, or 150 b/s 48 75 48 75 ms transmit frequency deviation from assignment (see table 1) f clock = 4.4336 mhz 1 1 hz 2 all typical are at v cc = 5 v, t a = 25 c. 3 bias distortion is the departure from a 50% duty cycle when a series of alternating mark and space tones is received. this is the threshold with the cdl input properly adjusted.
tcm3105dwl, TCM3105JE, tcm3105jl tcm3105ne, tcm3105nl fsk modem scts019c november 1985 revised may 1994 6 post office box 655303 ? dallas, texas 75265 post office box 1443 ? houston, texas 772511443 principles of operation the tcm3105 fsk modem is made up of four functional circuits. the circuits are the transmitter, the receiver, a carrier detector, and control and timing (see figure 1). carrier detector receiver timing and control transmitter rxb rxa cdl txr1, txr2, trs master clock (internal) txd rxd cdt clk txa digital output detect output clock output analog output bias adjust analog input level adjust digital input figure 1. tcm3105 system partitioning transmitter the transmitter comprises a phase-coherent fsk modulator, a transmit filter, and a transmit amplifier. the modulator is a programmable frequency synthesizer that drives the output frequencies by variable division of the oscillator frequency (4.4336 mhz). the division ratio is set by the states of the transmit/receive standard input (trs), the bit-rate select inputs (txr1 and txr2), and the digital data input (txd). a switched-capacitor low-pass filter limits the harmonics and noise outside the transmit band, and the characteristics of this filter are set by the frequency-select inputs as previously described. the harmonics introduced by the transmit filter clock are removed by a continuous low-pass filter. the transmitter output level varies with power supply voltage and so must be compensated in the 2-wire to 4-wire converter to give a constant output level to the line. receiver a continuous low-pass antialiasing filter is followed by the receiver amplifier, which automatically controls the gain to give a constant output level from the receiver filter. the receiver filter limits the bandwidth of the signal presented to the demodulator reducing out-of-band interference and has very high rejection of the transmit channel frequencies. these are typically present at much higher levels than the received signal. the group delay equalizer is a switched-capacitor network that compensates the delay introduced by the receiver filter and the network. the output from the equalizer is then limited to give an fsk modulated squarewave that is presented to the demodulator. the demodulator is an edge-triggered multivibrator that triggers off positive- and negative-going edges. the output of the demodulator is a stream of constant-length pulses at a frequency that is double the frequency of the limited input signal. the dc component of this signal is proportional to the received frequency and is extracted by a switched-capacitor, low-pass, post-demodulator filter. the variation of dc level with received frequency is presented to a comparator that slices at a level externally fixed by the rxb bias-adjustment pin. this voltage depends on received bit rate and internal offsets. the comparator output is then the received data at rxd.
tcm3105dwl, TCM3105JE, tcm3105jl tcm3105ne, tcm3105nl fsk modem scts019c november 1985 revised may 1994 7 post office box 655303 ? dallas, texas 75265 post office box 1443 ? houston, texas 772511443 carrier detect the carrier-detect circuits comprise an energy detector and digital delay. the energy detector compares the total signal level at the output of the receive filter to an externally set threshold level on the cdl input. the comparator has a 2.5-db hysteresis and a delay to allow for momentary signal loss and to prevent oscillation. the output detector is available on cdt where a high level indicates that a carrier is present. the data output is clamped to a mark condition when the carrier-detect output switches off at the end of transmission. control and timing an on-chip oscillator runs from an external 4.4336-mhz crystal connected between osc1 and osc2 or an external signal driving osc1. a clock signal equal to 16 times the highest selected bit rate (transmit or receive) is available on the clk output. the single-supply rail means that all analog functions are referenced to an internally generated reference. all analog inputs and outputs must be ac coupled. transmit and receive modes the various modes of operation of the tcm3105 are given in table 1. the data convention is that a logic high is a mark and a logic low is a space.
tcm3105dwl, TCM3105JE, tcm3105jl tcm3105ne, tcm3105nl fsk modem scts019c november 1985 revised may 1994 8 post office box 655303 ? dallas, texas 75265 post office box 1443 ? houston, texas 772511443 table 1. modes of operation standard trs txr1 txr2 transmitted baud rate received baud rate transmit frequency assignments (hz) receive frequency assignments (hz) clk frequency (khz) ccitt v 23 l l l 1200 1200 m 1300 s 2100 m 1300 s 2100 19.11 ccitt v 23 h l l 1200 75 m 1300 s 2100 m 390 s 450 19.11 ccitt v 23 l l h 600 75 m 1300 s 1700 m 390 s 450 9.56 ccitt v.23 h l h 600 600 m 1300 s 1700 m 1300 s 1700 9.56 l h l 75 1200 m 390 s 450 m 1300 s 2100 19.11 h h l 75 600 m 390 s 450 m 1300 s 1700 9.56 l h h 75 75 m 390 s 450 m 390 s 450 1.19 bell 202 clk l l 1200 1200 m 1200 s 2200 m 1200 s 2200 19.11 bell 202 clk /8 l h 1200 150 m 1200 s 2200 m 387 s 487 19.11 bell 202 clk /8 l h 1200 5 m 1200 s 2200 m 387 s 0 19.11 bell 202 clk h l 150 1200 m 387 s 487 m 1200 s 2200 19.11 clk h h 150 150 m 387 s 487 m 387 s 487 2.39 clk 2 h 2 l 2 5 1200 m 387 m 1200 19 11 h 2 h 2 h 2 5 1200 s 0 m 1200 s 2200 19 . 1 1 h h h transmit disabled 1200 transmit disabled m 1200 s 2200 19.11 h = high level, l = low level 2 in these modes, the modulation is controlled by trs and txr2. txd is tied high.
tcm3105dwl, TCM3105JE, tcm3105jl tcm3105ne, tcm3105nl fsk modem scts019c november 1985 revised may 1994 9 post office box 655303 ? dallas, texas 75265 post office box 1443 ? houston, texas 772511443 application information rxb cdl tcm3105 fsk modem trs v dd txa 2-wire to 4-wire converter line termination signaling rxa uart microprocessor txd rxd clk txr1 txr2 cdt line v dd v dd osc1 osc2 v ss v dd v dd , v ss , or clk 5 11 4 10 7 1 14 8 2 13 12 3 9 16 15 pin numbers shown are for the j and n packages. figure 2. typical system configuration
tcm3105dwl, TCM3105JE, tcm3105jl tcm3105ne, tcm3105nl fsk modem scts019c november 1985 revised may 1994 10 post office box 655303 ? dallas, texas 75265 post office box 1443 ? houston, texas 772511443 application information rxd txd cdl cdt trs txr1 clk osc1 osc2 tcm3105 v dd rxb txa txr2 5 v _ + a a _ + a _ + a 100 k w 100 k w 100 k w _ + a 100 k w 100 k w 100 k w 100 k w 100 k w a 100 k w 5 v 250 k w rx gain adj tx gain adj 250 k w 5 v 30 pf 30 pf 100 k w t t r z l ? z t 2 = 300 w z t 2 = 300 w 1:1 50 k w z t z l 0.1 m f u1a u1b u1c u1d 0.1 m f v ss rxa receive data transmit data carrier detect select mode (bit rate and standard) 47 k w 5 v 47 k w 10 m f u1 = lm124 z t z l = z t z l 11 1 16 15 7 8 14 10 3 5 13 12 2 94 pin numbers shown are for the j and n packages. figure 3. telephone line interface circuit
tcm3105dwl, TCM3105JE, tcm3105jl tcm3105ne, tcm3105nl fsk modem scts019c november 1985 revised may 1994 11 post office box 655303 ? dallas, texas 75265 post office box 1443 ? houston, texas 772511443 application information rxb cdl txd txr1 txr2 cdt osc1 osc2 tcm3105 v dd txa rxa trs 5 v _ + a a _ + a 100 k w 100 k w 5 v 100 k w 30 pf 30 pf t r z l ? u1a u1b 0.1 m f v ss u1 = 1/2lm124 z t z l = z t z l z l a 47 k w 47 k w 10 m f 5 v z t z t = 600 w 0.1 m f 100 k w 100 k w 100 k w 5 v rxd clk receive data transmit data standard and bit rate carrier detect clock 8 14 10 3 5 13 12 2 11 1 16 15 7 9 4 figure 4. simplified telephone line interface circuit
important notice texas instruments (ti) reserves the right to make changes to its products or to discontinue any semiconductor product or service without notice, and advises its customers to obtain the latest version of relevant information to verify, before placing orders, that the information being relied on is current. ti warrants performance of its semiconductor products and related software to the specifications applicable at the time of sale in accordance with ti's standard warranty. testing and other quality control techniques are utilized to the extent ti deems necessary to support this warranty. specific testing of all parameters of each device is not necessarily performed, except those mandated by government requirements. certain applications using semiconductor products may involve potential risks of death, personal injury, or severe property or environmental damage (acritical applicationso). ti semiconductor products are not designed, intended, authorized, or warranted to be suitable for use in life-support applications, devices or systems or other critical applications. inclusion of ti products in such applications is understood to be fully at the risk of the customer. use of ti products in such applications requires the written approval of an appropriate ti officer. questions concerning potential risk applications should be directed to ti through a local sc sales office. in order to minimize risks associated with the customer's applications, adequate design and operating safeguards should be provided by the customer to minimize inherent or procedural hazards. ti assumes no liability for applications assistance, customer product design, software performance, or infringement of patents or services described herein. nor does ti warrant or represent that any license, either express or implied, is granted under any patent right, copyright, mask work right, or other intellectual property right of ti covering or relating to any combination, machine, or process in which such semiconductor products or services might be or are used. copyright ? 1995, texas instruments incorporated

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